IP Version 6

In computer networks known the existence of a protocol that governs how
a node communicates with other nodes in the network, the protocol
serves as a language for one computer can communicate with each other.
protocol which is the de facto standard in the Internet network is TCP / IP,
so that with the TCP / IP computers with various types of hardware and various
types of operating systems (Linux, Windows X, X BSD, etc.) could communicate.

Internet Protocol (IP) is the core of TCP / IP protocols, all data derived from
layers above it must be processed by this protocol for up to a current IP ketujuan.versi
This has been used widely on the Internet is Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4).


very rapid development of the internet these days causes the allocation of addresses (IP address)
Diminishing IPv4, this causes the price of very expensive legal IP address
(Except maok! HEU HEU ... ...). To overcome the shortage of IP address allocation, the IETF
designing a new IP called Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6).

on IPv6, the length of the address consists of 128 bits, while IPv4 only 32 bits. so that IPv6
able to provide as many as 2 ^ 128 addresses [2 to the power 128] or 3x10 ^ 38 addresses, while IPv4
only able to provide as many as 2 ^ 32 addresses, or 4.5 X10 ^ 10 addresses.

okay, was just the intro ONLY! we now proceed to a deeper again.
Kemon baybeh !!!!!

now I will explain other differences between IPv4 with IPv6.

A. Structure of addressing

# IPv4

IPv4 uses 32-bit addressing which each bit separated by a dot notation.
IPv4 addressing notation is as follows:

XXXXXXXX.XXXXXXXX.XXXXXXXX.XXXXXXXX

where each symbol X is replaced with a combination of bits 0 and 1.misalnya:

10000010.11001000.01000000.00000001 (in binary)

Another way of writing for easy diinget is to form four decimal places separated
by dots. eg to address with binary combinations as above can be written
as follows:

130.200.127.254

authors have considered all my friends can easy way to convert from numbers
binary to decimal:). cos' if need dijelasakan again later added intricate article nih: p
okay now proceed to IPv6 addressing structure!


# IPv6

Unlike in IPv4 uses a 32 bit address notation, IPv6 uses
128 bits. dah tau khan why a 128-bit? yup let the allocation could be more.
okay now we see the IPv6 address notation is as follows:

X: X: X: X: X: X: X: X

kalo in binary form is written as follows:

1111111001111000:0010001101000100:1011111001000001:1011110011011010:
0100000101000101:0000000000000000:0000000000000000:0011101000000000

(Two blocks above actually disconnected but so as not to take place then written down)
notation that if the IPv6 address in binary form deliberately I write this not to make
dizziness who read but to show how long IPv6 addresses.
please compare with the length of IPv4.

nah! for easier diinget each symbol X is replaced with a combination of 4 numbers
hexadecimal symbols separated by a colon [:]. for the example above can be written as follows:

FE78: 2344: BE43: BCDA: 4145:0:0:3 A

diliatnya better right? nah IPv6 addressing system can be simplified if there
in a row a few numbers "0". example for the notation as above can be written:

FE78: 2344: BE43: BCDA: 4145:0:0:3 A -------> FE78: 2344: BE43: BCDA: 4145:: 3A

example again:

--------> 8088:0:0:0:0:0:4508:4545 8088:: 4508:4545


B. System addressing

# IPv4

IPv4 addressing system is divided into 5 classes, based on the number of hosts that can be allocated
namely:

Class A: range 1-126
Class B: range 128-191
class C: range 192-223
class D: range 224-247
class E: range 248-255

but just using that common class A, B and C, while class D is used for the purposes of address
multicasting and class E using that for experimental purposes.

other than that on IPv4 subnet mask that is the technical term is 32-bit binary number that is used for
distinguish the network ID and host ID, indicating the location of a host is in one network
or other rich jaringan.contohnya gini:

IP address: 164.10.2.1 and 164.10.4.1 is a different network if you use the netmask
255.255.254.0, but will if netmasknya changed to 255.255.240.0 then the second
IP address above is different from the network. have not understood? kalo gini have not understood how:


164.10.2.1 -------> 10100100.00001010.00000010.00000001
255.255.254.0 ----> 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000
____________________________________ XOR
10100100.00001010.00000010.00000000 -> 164.10.2.0
and
164.10.4.1 -------> 10100100.00001010.00001000.00000001
255.255.254.0 ----> 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000
____________________________________ XOR
10100100.00001010.00001000.00000000 -> 164.10.4.0


XOR operations such as increment of time elementary way, just more easily, easily gini kalo
the number "1" an even result is "1" if the number "1" bizarre result "0" (1 +1 = 1, 1 +0 = 0)
(Heu. .. HEU ...).

visible result of XOR operation of two IP addresses with the same netmask means that different results
The second IP address is different from the network. for the next sample using
netmask 255.255.240.0 please try it yourself.

# IPv6

on IPv6 is not known pengkelasan term, IPv6 only provide 3 types of addressing
namely: Unicast, anycast and multicast. unicast address is the address that points to an
address or host interface, is used to communicate one on one. the unicast address
again divided into 3 types namely: local link address, site address local and global addresses.
link local address is the address used within one link of a local network
connected to each other in one level. Site address while the local equivalent of private addresses,
used is limited in one site so that limited its use only in one
site so it can not be used to send out the address of this site.
global address is the address used for example to an Internet Service Provider.

anycast address is the address that shows some of the interface (usually a different node).
packets sent to this address will be delivered to one of the main address of the interface that most
close to the router. anycast addresses do not have a specific allocation, cos' if some
node / interface is given the same prefix, then the address is an anycast address.

multicast address is the address that shows multiple interfaces (usually for nodes
different). Packets sent to this address will be delivered to all interfaces
indicated by this address. multicast address is designed to replace the broadcast address
on IPv4 who consume lots of bandwidth.

IPv6 address allocation table
__________________________________________________________________
| Allocation | binary prefix | instance (16 bit first |
|_______________|__________________________|_______________________|
| Global unicast | 001 | ato 2XXX 3XXX |
| Local links | 1111 1110 10 | FE8X - FEBx |
| Site local | 1111 1110 11 | FECx - FEFx |
| Multicast | 1111 1111 | FFxx |
|_______________|__________________________|_______________________|

in addition to the above address mentioned there are also other types of addressing are:

# IPv4-compatible IPv6 addresses are typically used to address the transition mechanism Tunelling
kaya gini address format:

80 bits | 16 | 32 bits |
+-------------------+------+---------------------+
| 0000 ........... 0000 | 0000 | IPv4 address |
+-------------------+------+---------------------+

example:
= 0:0:0:0:0:0:192.168.30.1
=:: 192.168.30.1
=:: C0A8: 1E01
so 0:0:0:0:0:0:192.168.30.1 =:: c0AB: 1E01 how come to the mane? gini's how:
first create a binary address 0:0:0:0:0:0:192.168.30.1
:: 11000000.10101000.00011110.00000001 later regrouped into 16 bits each
:: [1100.0000.1010.1000]: [0001.1110.0000.0001] converted to hexa decimal --->:: C0A8: 1E01
sign "." (Dots) in brackets for easy conversion from binary to hexadecimal.
already pahamkan? still not too please try again slowly: p

# IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses are typically used for ISATAP transition mechanism.

80 bits | 16 | 32 bits |
+-------------------+------+---------------------+
| 0000 ........... 0000 | FFFF | IPv4 address |
+-------------------+------+---------------------+

for example: =:: FFFF: 192.168.1.2

# IPv6 over Ethernet is used for stateless autoconfiguration (provision of IPv6 addresses
automatically without requiring a server that provides IP address allocation, DHCP similar
cuman without a server).
For example:
00:90:27:17: FC: 0F
/ \
/ \
FF FE
then the address to be 00:90:27: FF: FE: 17: FC: 0F then blocked the first seven bits diinvers
00:90:27:17: FC: 0F
|
|
\ | /
000 000 [0] 0 bits that dikurungi diinvers from 0 ---> 1
it is now a 02:90:27: FF: FE: 17: FC: 0F addresses are IPv6 addresses over ethernet.